Alan Turing
Alan Turing was a British mathematician and logician born on June 23, 1954. He was schooled at a private school as he was the son of a civil servant. He then later went on to The University of Cambridge majoring in mathematics. After graduating in 1934, he was elected to a fellowship at Kings College for his outstanding research into probability theory. In 1936, his seminal paper “On Computable Numbers, with an Application to the Entscheidungsproblem [Decision Problem]” was recommended by Alonzo Church. This established the backbones of the now modern computer science. He then went to Princeton University to get his Ph.D. is mathematical logic. Turing went on to join the Government Code and Cypher School after completing his Ph.D.. During WW2, he had developed a deciphering machine called the bombe which could decipher enigma, german code. In 1950, he wrote a paper, "computing machinery and Intelligence," which led to the basics of artificial intelligence. In 1951, he was able to create the first ever programming manual, and it was used for the Ferranti MK.1. Sadly, he passed away due to cyanide poisoning, assumed to be suicide on June 7, 1954.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alan-Turing
https://www.biography.com/scientists/alan-turing
https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2012/turing-biography/
Hedy Lamarr
Hedy Lamarr was an actress and inventor born on Nov 9, 1914, and died on Jan 19, 2000. Her real name was Hedwig Eva Maria Kiesler, and she was born in Austria. She was the daughter of a rich Viennese banker, and was privately tutored until 10. At the age of 10, she was proficient in playing the piano, dancing, and could speak four different languages. When she was 16. she enrolled in Max Reinhardt’s dramatic school, and within a year made a debut in Geld auf der Strasse (1930; Money on the Street). During WW2, she decided to prove herself by teaming up with George Antheil to create a method of communication system that hopped frequencies to avoid detection and precisely hit the targeted area. This was not recognized by the government at the time, but in the 1960's was adopted into the US military service. This not only helped to increase the security in the US military, but helped to be the backbone of today's wifi, bluetooth, and GPS. However, sadly they were not recognized for their inginuity until the late 1990's. They were given a place in the national inventors hall of fame in 2014.
https://prologue.blogs.archives.gov/2020/05/26/the-world-war-ii-era-actress-that-invented-wi-fi-hedy-lamarr/
https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/hedy-lamarr
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Hedy-Lamarr
Margaret H. Hamilton
Margaret H. Hamilton was born in Paoli, Indiana, August 17, 1936. As of today, she’s 86 years old. She studied mathematics and philosophy at Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana. She taught high-school mathematics in 1958. After this, she accepted a job at MIT. Hamilton was the recipient of many awards, such as the Presidential Medal of Freedom and NASA’s Exceptional Space Act Award. She has been a prominent figure in the development of Computer Science as it is today. She was one of the people who wrote the computer code for the commands and modules used on the Apollo mission to the moon. She programmed software to predict the weather and did work in meteorology at MIT.
In the 1960s, she was involved in the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment, which was the U.S first air defense system. She also designed and programmed software for a program to identity enemy aircraft. At MIT, she was a part of an organization which made and provided aeronautical technology for NASA. She co-founded the company Higher Order Software and then founded her own company Hamilton Technologies, 10 years later. Something fascinating I discovered was that she came up with the term 'Software Engineer'.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Margaret-Hamilton-American-computer-scientist.
https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/people/320/margaret-hamilton/
https://www.yourgenome.org/stories/unsung-heroes-in-science-margaret-hamilton/